1. Single-family micro hydropower unit
(1) Technical route
(2)Main technical links and points.

(1) Characteristics of each component and equipment. The core part is an integrated micro-hydro generator set, i.e., the turbine, generator, controller, and dummy load are assembled together to improve the convenience of installation and use for users.

②Key performance parameters of the technology.

Number of generator phases: single-phase.
Excitation mode: permanent magnet, third harmonic.
Generator synchronous speed: 1,500 rpm.

complete efficiency: 35% to 50%.
Rated output voltage: 230 volts.
Rated frequency: 50 Hz.

③ Matters needing attention to promote the technology. Single-family micro-hydro units are built and installed by the users themselves, requiring simple and effective training for users, with special attention to education on safe use of electricity. Equipment manuals should be popular, detailed and practical. There should be public welfare technical service institutions and repair outlets.

④ Main product development and application. Single-family micro hydropower units are complete sets of whole units, and the following models are the main single-family micro hydropower units with better performance in China at present.

(a) Axial-flow micro-hydropower complete sets of complete units: higher specific speed of hydraulic turbine, applicable to hydraulic resources with lower head and high flow, capable of automatic pressure and frequency stabilization, simple installation and convenient maintenance.

The price of 300-500 watt units, including inlet pipe interface and tail pipe, etc., is between RMB 1,500 and 2,000 per set. Power 1 kilowatt or more units, the price is between 2,000 to 3,000 yuan per kilowatt. To date, the promotion of the use of about 200 units.

(b) Pelton type micro-hydropower complete sets: the turbine has lower specific speed, applicable to hydraulic resources with higher head and smaller flow, capable of automatic pressure and frequency stabilization, simple installation and convenient maintenance.
The price of 300-500 watt units, including water inlet valves, is between 1200 and 1500 yuan per set. Power 1 kilowatt or more units, the price is between 2,000 to 3,000 yuan per kilowatt. By now the promotion of the use of about 500 units, has exported about 100 units.

(c) Crossflow micro hydropower complete sets: designed by the Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization of the Ministry of Agriculture, the turbine has a lower specific speed, applicable to 6-12 meters head and smaller flow of hydraulic resources, capable of automatic pressure and frequency stabilization, simple installation and easy maintenance.
300 ~ 500 watt unit, including the inlet valve, the price of each set is between l400 ~ 2000 yuan. The amount of promoted use so far is about 50 units.

Village-level networking type micro-hydro units

(1) technical route 
Main technical links and points.

The characteristics of each component and equipment. The micro-hydro generator set is a whole set, that is, the turbine and generator are assembled together, and it is more convenient to install the set.

② The main performance parameters of the technology.
Number of generator phases: single-phase, three-phase.
excitation mode: permanent magnet, third harmonic.
Generator synchronous speed: 1,500 rpm.
complete machine efficiency: 40% a 60%.
Rated output voltage: 230 volts / 400 volts.
Rated frequency: 50 hertz.
③ matters needing attention to promote the technology. Control system is more complex, control adjustment requires the presence of professionals. The erection of transmission lines also requires a licensed electrician on duty.
④Main product development and application.

(a) Shaft-extension cross-flow micro-hydropower unit: the price of the whole machine is about 3,000 yuan per kilowatt.

The products are promoted in Sichuan and Hunan, with a small amount of export. More than 20 units in total have been sold so far.

(b) Turgo type micro-hydropower complete unit: This equipment is suitable for hydraulic resources with higher head and smaller flow. Equipped with a permanent magnet generator, it has fewer failures and a long service life. 6 kW units are sold at 15,000 RMB and 10 kW units at 25,000 RMB.

(c) Axial-flow micro-hydro unit: This unit has high theoretical efficiency and is suitable for micro-hydro resources with 15 to 30 meters head and high flow rate. The price of the complete unit is about 3,000 yuan per kilowatt. Due to the high manufacturing technology difficulty and high price, it is less used at present.

3. Township-level grid-connected micro-hydropower units
(1) Technical route 
(2) Main technical links and points.
(1) The characteristics of each component and equipment. The micro-hydro generator set is mainly a complete unit, i.e., the turbine and generator are assembled together, equipped with a speed control device.

②The main performance parameters of the technology.

Number of generator phases: three-phase.

excitation mode: harmonic excitation, excitation generator.
Generator synchronous speed: 1,500, 1,000 rpm.
Overall efficiency: 60% to 75%.
Generator output voltage: 400 volts.
On-grid voltage: 10 kW.
Rated frequency: 50 Hz.

③ Matters needing attention to promote the technology. The construction of the power station needs formal design and professional technicians to manage the construction. Construction and grid connection need to go through relevant procedures with relevant departments.

④ Main product development and application.

Township-level grid-connected micro-hydro technology can basically draw on the mature technology of small hydropower equipment, but because of the small units and low profits, small hydropower equipment manufacturers are reluctant to accept micro-hydro orders in the case of more orders for the production of small hydropower equipment, and even less willing to do the modifications required by micro-hydro users to improve the ease of installation. Therefore, still can only rely on micro hydropower equipment manufacturers to supply.

(a) shaft extension cross-flow micro hydropower unit: the price of the whole machine is about 3,000 yuan per kilowatt. A 100 kW unit was installed in the renovation of Longbei Reservoir in Guzhang County, Hunan Province for electric irrigation, and it works very well.

(b) Slant-strike micro-hydropower complete unit: This equipment is suitable for hydraulic resources with higher head and smaller flow. Equipped with a special generator for hydropower, it has fewer failures and a long service life. The selling price of the unit is 15,000 to 25,000 yuan per kilowatt.

(c) Axial flow micro-hydropower unit: the unit has high theoretical efficiency and is suitable for micro-hydropower resources with 2 to 15 meters head and high flow.